Eysenck Personality scale measure:

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is (2):
The Eysenck Personality Scale, specifically the Extraversion-Introversion (E) scale, is designed to measure the degree to which an individual exhibits the traits associated with the Extrovert personality type. Eysenck's theory posits that Extroversion is one of the key, biologically-based dimensions of temperament. Extroverts are characterized by traits such as being sociable, outgoing, impulsive, and generally in need of external stimulation to maintain an optimal level of cortical arousal. The scale quantifies these tendencies, and a high score on the E-scale confirms a disposition towards Extroversion. Therefore, naming the scale after this dominant factor is correct, as it is the high end of the measured spectrum.

The incorrect option is (1):
Introvert is the other pole of the Extraversion-Introversion dimension being measured by the E-scale. Introverts are characterized by reserved, quiet, and reflective behavior, preferring time alone to reduce their naturally high levels of cortical arousal. While the scale certainly measures the tendency toward Introversion (indicated by a low E-score), the primary dimension is conventionally named Extraversion. The test places individuals along a continuum between the two poles, but in the context of the Eysenck model, Extraversion is often cited as the name of the overarching dimension.

The incorrect option is (3):
Personality Development refers to the lifelong process of growth, change, and stability in an individual's personality over time. Eysenck's scale is an assessment tool designed to measure and classify *existing* personality traits (like Extroversion and Neuroticism) at a specific point in time. It provides a static snapshot or score of an individual's position on these traits. The scale does not directly measure or track the dynamic process of development, which is a conceptual area separate from personality assessment.

The incorrect option is (4):
Although the Extraversion-Introversion scale is a continuum that encompasses both Introvert and Extrovert characteristics, and a score will place an individual somewhere between the two, "Extrovert" (Option 2) is the actual name given to the personality factor, or 'E-scale.' The full dimension is named Extraversion-Introversion, making "Both Introvert and Extrovert" a descriptive phrase for the entire spectrum. However, in the context of personality factors, "Extravert" often stands as the single, representative name for the entire dimension, which is why it is the intended correct answer.