In Column-I, names of scientists are given and in Column-II, some discoveries are given : Column-I Column-II (a) Alexander Fleming (i) Anthrax Bacterium (b) Edward Jenner (ii) Fermentation (c) Louis Pasteur (iii) Penicillin (d) Robert Koch (iv) Smallpox Vaccine The correct match of the names of scientists with their discoveries is :

Question

In Column-I, names of scientists are given and in Column-II, some discoveries are given :  Column-I                                   Column-II  (a) Alexander Fleming              (i) Anthrax Bacterium  (b) Edward Jenner                   (ii) Fermentation  (c) Louis Pasteur                     (iii) Penicillin  (d) Robert Koch                       (iv) Smallpox Vaccine  The correct match of the names of scientists with their discoveries is :

Accepted Answer

Option 1 is the correct answer because it accurately matches the scientists with their respective discoveries based on historical facts:

(a) Alexander Fleming - (iii) Penicillin: Alexander Fleming is renowned for his discovery of penicillin in 1928. This groundbreaking antibiotic was the first of its kind and has saved countless lives by effectively treating bacterial infections.

(b) Edward Jenner - (iv) Smallpox Vaccine: Edward Jenner is credited with developing the first successful smallpox vaccine in 1796. His work laid the foundation for the field of immunology and led to the eventual eradication of smallpox.

(c) Louis Pasteur - (ii) Fermentation: Louis Pasteur made significant contributions to the understanding of fermentation. He demonstrated that microorganisms are responsible for fermentation and developed pasteurization, which is used to prevent spoilage in food and beverages.

(d) Robert Koch - (i) Anthrax Bacterium: Robert Koch identified the bacterium Bacillus anthracis as the cause of anthrax in 1876. His work established the germ theory of disease and introduced methods for isolating and identifying pathogens.

Now, let's explain why the other options are incorrect:

Option 2: This option incorrectly matches (a) Alexander Fleming with (i) Anthrax Bacterium, (b) Edward Jenner with (iii) Penicillin, (c) Louis Pasteur with (ii) Fermentation, and (d) Robert Koch with (iv) Smallpox Vaccine. These associations do not align with historical facts, as explained above.

Option 3: This option incorrectly matches (a) Alexander Fleming with (iii) Penicillin, (b) Edward Jenner with (ii) Fermentation, (c) Louis Pasteur with (iv) Smallpox Vaccine, and (d) Robert Koch with (i) Anthrax Bacterium. While some matches are correct, others are not, such as Jenner with fermentation and Pasteur with the smallpox vaccine.

Option 4: This option incorrectly matches (a) Alexander Fleming with (iii) Penicillin, (b) Edward Jenner with (iv) Smallpox Vaccine, (c) Louis Pasteur with (i) Anthrax Bacterium, and (d) Robert Koch with (ii) Fermentation. The incorrect matches here are Pasteur with anthrax bacterium and Koch with fermentation.

In conclusion, Option 1 is the only option that correctly matches each scientist with their respective discovery, based on historical evidence and contributions to science.