Leelawati', written in Early Medieval period is a book on

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Accepted Answer

The correct option is 3:
The book 'Lilavati' (also spelled Leelawati) is a famous mathematical treatise written by the renowned Indian mathematician Bhaskaracharya (Bhaskara II) in the 12th century (Early Medieval period in India). It is the first volume of his principal work, the *Siddhanta Siromani*. The book is named after his daughter, Lilavati, and is written in a poetic style, presenting various mathematical problems related to arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and mensuration. Its playful and elegant approach made it a foundational and influential text for teaching mathematics in ancient and medieval India, covering topics like fractions, quadratic equations, and the rule of three.

The incorrect option is 1: Astronomy. Bhaskaracharya was also a celebrated astronomer, and the *Siddhanta Siromani* contains volumes on astronomy (*Goladhyaya* and *Grahaganita*), but *Lilavati* itself is exclusively devoted to mathematics.

The incorrect option is 2: Literary Criticism. Literary criticism involves the analysis and evaluation of literature, which is not the subject matter of *Lilavati*.

The incorrect option is 4: Medical Science. Medical science deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, which is completely separate from the core focus of *Lilavati*, which is arithmetic and algebra.