Match the following :
Column-I (State) – Column-II (Water harvesting method)
(A) Rajasthan – (i) Eris
(B) Maharashtra – (ii) Pyne
(C) Kerala – (iii) Bandharas
(D) Tamil Nadu – (iv) Khadin
(E) Bihar – (v) Surangams

Question

Accepted Answer

Option 3 is the correct answer for matching the states in Column-I with their corresponding water harvesting methods in Column-II. Let's explain why this is the case:

1. **Rajasthan - Khadin (iv):**  
   Khadin is a traditional water harvesting system used in the arid regions of Rajasthan. It involves constructing a bund (embankment) to capture and store rainwater, which is then used for agriculture. This method is well-suited to the dry climate of Rajasthan, making it the correct match.

2. **Maharashtra - Bandharas (iii):**  
   Bandharas are check dams commonly found in Maharashtra. They are used to capture and store surface runoff during the monsoon season, which helps in recharging groundwater and providing water for irrigation. This method is prevalent in Maharashtra, making it the correct match.

3. **Kerala - Surangams (v):**  
   Surangams are horizontal wells or tunnels used in Kerala to tap groundwater. This method is particularly effective in the hilly terrains of Kerala, where it helps in accessing water from underground sources. Thus, Surangams are correctly matched with Kerala.

4. **Tamil Nadu - Eris (i):**  
   Eris are traditional tank systems used in Tamil Nadu for water storage and irrigation. These tanks are an integral part of the state's water management system, capturing rainwater and supporting agriculture. Therefore, Eris are correctly matched with Tamil Nadu.

5. **Bihar - Pyne (ii):**  
   Pyne is a traditional irrigation system used in Bihar, involving channels that divert river water to agricultural fields. This method is well-suited to the floodplains of Bihar, making it the correct match.

Now, let's explain why the other options are incorrect:

- **Option 1:** Incorrect because it mismatches the methods with the states. For example, it incorrectly matches Eris with Rajasthan and Khadin with Bihar.
- **Option 2:** Incorrect because it mismatches the methods with the states. For example, it incorrectly matches Eris with Rajasthan and Pyne with Maharashtra.
- **Option 4:** Incorrect because it mismatches the methods with the states. For example, it incorrectly matches Eris with Rajasthan and Pyne with Tamil Nadu.

In conclusion, Option 3 correctly matches each state with its traditional water harvesting method, based on the geographical and climatic conditions of each region.