Modelling is the concept given by :

Question

Accepted Answer

Option 1, Albert Bandura, is the correct answer because he is renowned for his work on social learning theory, which emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. Bandura introduced the concept of modeling as a central mechanism of learning, where individuals learn by watching others and imitating their actions. His famous Bobo doll experiment demonstrated how children could learn aggressive behaviors through observation, further solidifying the role of modeling in learning processes.

Now, let's explain why the other options are incorrect:

2. J. B. Watson: Watson is known for his work in behaviorism, which focuses on observable behaviors rather than internal mental states. While he emphasized the role of environmental stimuli in shaping behavior, he did not specifically develop the concept of modeling. His work was more about conditioning and the direct influence of stimuli on behavior.

3. Freud: Sigmund Freud is the founder of psychoanalysis, a theory that emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior. Freud's work focused on internal psychological processes, such as the id, ego, and superego, and did not involve the concept of modeling or observational learning.

4. Vygotsky: Lev Vygotsky is known for his sociocultural theory of cognitive development, which highlights the importance of social interaction and cultural context in learning. While Vygotsky emphasized the role of social interaction in learning, he did not specifically focus on modeling as a mechanism of learning. His work was more about the zone of proximal development and the role of language and culture in cognitive development.

In summary, Albert Bandura is the correct answer because he specifically introduced and developed the concept of modeling as a key component of social learning theory, distinguishing his work from the other theorists mentioned.