The Book "Territorial Growth of State" was written by:

Question

Accepted Answer

The book "Territorial Growth of State" was written by Ratzel.

Here's why Option 3 (Ratzel) is the correct answer and why the other options are incorrect:

*   **Option 3: Ratzel (Correct)**: Friedrich Ratzel is widely recognized as a key figure in the development of political geography and geopolitics. He is best known for his concept of "Lebensraum" (living space) and his organic theory of the state. His work, particularly his book "Politische Geographie" (Political Geography), which explores the relationship between the state and its territory, laid the groundwork for understanding the territorial growth and expansion of states. While "Territorial Growth of State" might not be the *exact* title of one of his books, the concepts and theories he developed are directly related to the territorial development of states, making him the most appropriate author among the choices. His ideas directly address the topic of territorial expansion and the state's relationship with its land.

*   **Option 1: Semple (Incorrect)**: Ellen Churchill Semple was a prominent American geographer and a student of Ratzel. While she contributed significantly to the field of geography and translated and interpreted Ratzel's work for an English-speaking audience, she is not the original author of the concepts directly related to the "Territorial Growth of State" in the same foundational way as Ratzel. She built upon Ratzel's ideas but didn't originate the core theories about territorial growth.

*   **Option 2: Huntington (Incorrect)**: Ellsworth Huntington was an American geographer known for his theories of environmental determinism, particularly the influence of climate on human civilization and development. While his work touched upon the relationship between environment and society, it did not directly focus on the *territorial growth* of states in the same way Ratzel's did. His focus was more on the impact of climate on human activity, not the expansion of state territories.

*   **Option 4: Davis (Incorrect)**: William Morris Davis was an American geographer and geologist best known for his development of the "cycle of erosion" model in geomorphology. His work primarily focused on the evolution of landforms and landscapes, not on the political or territorial aspects of state development. His expertise lies in physical geography, not political geography or geopolitics related to state expansion.