The first oleographs were installed and used by the famous artist, name the artist:

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 2:
Raja Ravi Verma is the artist who pioneered the installation and use of oleography in India. Oleography, or chromolithography, is a process used to produce color prints that look similar to oil paintings. Recognizing the immense popularity of his oil paintings of Hindu gods, goddesses, and epic scenes, Ravi Verma established the Raja Ravi Varma Press near Bombay in 1894. His goal was to democratize his art by making affordable reproductions accessible to the masses, turning mythological subjects into household imagery throughout India. This bold step was a major moment in the history of Indian art, transitioning from elite patronage to mass production, though it later faced criticism from nationalist art movements for its commercial nature.

The incorrect option is 1:
E. B. Havell was a British art administrator and historian who served as the Principal of the Calcutta School of Art. Far from installing oleograph presses, Havell was a strong proponent of traditional Indian artistic values and an outspoken critic of the prevailing colonial academic art style. He actively worked to remove European methods from art school curricula and was instrumental in collaborating with Abanindranath Tagore to form the Bengal School of Art, which aimed to revive indigenous Indian painting techniques.

The incorrect option is 3:
Abanindranath Tagore was the central figure and founder of the Bengal School of Art, which arose in the early 20th century as a nationalist movement. His artistic philosophy was fundamentally opposed to the Western realism and the mechanical reproduction (like oleography) championed by Raja Ravi Verma. Tagore is instead known for developing the delicate, ethereal Wash Technique, drawing inspiration from Japanese and Indian miniature traditions, focusing on spiritual and historical themes, not commercial printing.

The incorrect option is 4:
Yamini Roy, often called the 'Picasso of India,' was a highly influential 20th-century artist who completely rejected Western academic styles and the commercial mass-market approach. He developed a unique style inspired by the simplified forms and bold, flat colors of Bengali folk traditions, particularly the Kalighat *Pat* painting style. His artistic focus was on creating a modern Indian aesthetic rooted in the rural and indigenous, which stands in conceptual opposition to the use of an industrial press like oleography.