The three principles/restrictions for industrial location developed by Rawstron are:

Question

Accepted Answer

The three principles/restrictions for industrial location developed by Rawstron are: Physical, Economic and Technical.

**Explanation:**

Rawstron's framework for understanding industrial location emphasizes the interplay of these three key factors:

*   **Physical Factors:** These relate to the natural environment and its resources. This includes aspects like availability of raw materials (e.g., minerals, timber, water), climate, topography (flat land vs. mountainous terrain), and soil conditions. Industries often locate where physical resources essential to their production are readily accessible and where the physical environment is conducive to efficient operations.

*   **Economic Factors:** These are related to the costs and benefits associated with a particular location. This includes factors like transportation costs (for raw materials and finished goods), labor costs, access to markets (consumers), availability of capital, and government policies (taxes, subsidies). Industries seek locations that minimize costs and maximize profits.

*   **Technical Factors:** These refer to the technological requirements and constraints of the industry. This includes factors like the need for specialized infrastructure (e.g., power grids, communication networks), the availability of skilled labor with specific technical expertise, and the presence of research and development facilities. Industries often cluster in areas where the necessary technical infrastructure and expertise are concentrated.

**Why other options are incorrect:**

*   **Option 2: Physical, Economic and Social:** While social factors (e.g., quality of life, community attitudes) can influence industrial location decisions to some extent, Rawstron's framework specifically emphasizes the *technical* requirements and constraints as a distinct and crucial factor. Social factors are often considered within the broader economic context (e.g., impact on labor availability and productivity).

*   **Option 3: Physical, Economic and Political:** Political factors (e.g., government regulations, political stability) certainly play a role in industrial location. However, Rawstron's model prioritizes the *technical* aspects of production. While political stability can influence investment decisions, the core focus is on the practical, technological requirements for efficient industrial operation.

*   **Option 4: Physical, Economic and Human:** While "human" factors (e.g., labor skills, education levels) are important, they are often considered within the *economic* context (labor costs, productivity). Rawstron's model specifically highlights the *technical* aspects of production, which are distinct from general human factors. The technical requirements of an industry often dictate the specific skills and expertise needed from the workforce.