When did the Mongols occupy Baghdad?

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 4:

The Mongol siege and subsequent occupation of Baghdad occurred in 1258 A.D. This catastrophic event marked the end of the Islamic Golden Age and the final dismantling of the Abbasid Caliphate, which had been in existence for over five centuries. The assault was led by Hulagu Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan, as part of the westward expansion of the Mongol Empire. After a brief siege, the city was taken, the Caliph Al-Musta'sim was executed, and the city was subjected to massive destruction, leading to a profound cultural and demographic loss in the region. This date is universally recognized as a pivotal moment in global history, signifying the height of Mongol power and the destruction of one of the world's great intellectual centers.

The incorrect option is 1: 1111 A. D. is too early. Baghdad was firmly under the control of the Abbasid Caliphate during this period, which was nearly a century and a half before the rise of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan.

The incorrect option is 2: 1092 A. D. predates the Mongol era by over a century. At this time, the Seljuk Turks held significant power over the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad, not the Mongols.

The incorrect option is 3: 1163 A. D. also falls well before the Mongol campaigns in the Middle East. While the Abbasid Caliphate's power was already waning, there was no Mongol presence or threat to Baghdad at this date.