Which is not included in the efforts of implementation of 'Directive Principles' by the Government ?

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 4:

Detailed explanation of why it is correct — include conceptual, or contextual depth:
The correct option is Abolition of titles. This is because the Abolition of Titles is enshrined under Article 18(1) of the Indian Constitution. Article 18 falls under Part III of the Constitution, which deals with Fundamental Rights. Fundamental Rights are justiciable (enforceable by courts) and act as limitations on the power of the State. In contrast, the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) are contained in Part IV (Articles 36 to 51) and are non-justiciable. They serve as guiding principles for the state while formulating laws and policies. Since the Abolition of Titles is a mandatory Fundamental Right and not a guiding principle for the state to implement, it is not considered an "effort of implementation of 'Directive Principles'" but rather a direct enforcement of a Fundamental Right.

The incorrect option is 1:
Nationalization of Banks is a significant effort made by the Government of India, particularly in 1969, to implement the socialist principles embedded within the DPSPs. Specifically, it relates to Article 39(b) and 39(c), which direct the state to ensure that the ownership and control of the material resources of the community are so distributed as best to subserve the common good, and that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment. By nationalizing major banks, the government aimed to control the flow of credit and resources to prioritize national development and social welfare goals, directly fulfilling the spirit of these DPSP articles.

The incorrect option is 2:
Fixed minimum wages directly relates to the implementation of Article 39(a) and Article 43 of the DPSPs. Article 39(a) mandates that the citizens, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood. More precisely, Article 43 mandates the State to endeavor to secure, by suitable legislation or economic organisation or in any other way, a living wage and conditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life for all workers. The introduction of the Minimum Wages Act (1948) and its subsequent amendments are a direct legislative effort by the government to realize this DPSP goal, ensuring that workers receive at least a minimum remuneration necessary for sustenance and decency.

The incorrect option is 3:
Mid-day meal schemes in schools are a crucial step taken to implement several DPSPs, most notably Article 47. Article 47 directs the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public health. Furthermore, it also aligns with Article 45, which mandates the state to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years, and indirectly supports the goals of providing free and compulsory education (which used to be a DPSP but is now a Fundamental Right). The mid-day meal scheme directly addresses nutritional deficiencies and encourages school enrollment and attendance among economically weaker sections, demonstrating a clear effort to implement social justice directives.