Which of the following is a biodegradable polymer ?

Question

Accepted Answer

Biodegradable polymers are materials that can be broken down by microorganisms into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass. These polymers are environmentally friendly as they decompose naturally, reducing pollution and waste.

1. **Option 4: Cellulose** - Cellulose is a natural polymer found in the cell walls of plants. It is composed of glucose units linked together, and it is biodegradable because microorganisms can easily break down these glucose units. Enzymes such as cellulase facilitate the decomposition of cellulose, making it an eco-friendly material. Therefore, cellulose is a biodegradable polymer, which justifies why Option 4 is the correct answer.

2. **Option 1: Polythene** - Polythene, or polyethylene, is a synthetic polymer made from ethylene monomers. It is widely used in packaging materials like plastic bags and bottles. However, polythene is not biodegradable because it is resistant to microbial attack and does not decompose easily in the environment. It can persist for hundreds of years, contributing to plastic pollution.

3. **Option 2: Nylon-6** - Nylon-6 is a synthetic polymer made from caprolactam. It is used in textiles, carpets, and engineering plastics. Nylon-6 is not biodegradable because its molecular structure is resistant to microbial degradation. It does not break down naturally and can persist in the environment for a long time.

4. **Option 3: Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)** - PVC is a synthetic polymer made from vinyl chloride monomers. It is used in pipes, cables, and flooring. PVC is not biodegradable because it is highly resistant to microbial degradation. Its durability and resistance to environmental factors make it a persistent pollutant.

In conclusion, cellulose is the only option among the given choices that is a biodegradable polymer. It naturally decomposes through microbial action, making it environmentally friendly. The other options, polythene, nylon-6, and PVC, are synthetic polymers that do not biodegrade easily, contributing to environmental pollution.