Which of the following statement is true?

Question

Accepted Answer

Option 3 is the correct answer: "Western blotting technique is developed by Towbin et al. (1979)."

1. **Explanation for Option 3:**
   - The Western blotting technique, also known as protein immunoblotting, was indeed developed by Towbin, Staehelin, and Gordon in 1979. This technique is used to detect specific proteins in a sample by using gel electrophoresis to separate proteins based on size, followed by transfer to a membrane and detection with antibodies. The development of this technique was a significant advancement in molecular biology, allowing researchers to analyze protein expression and modifications.

2. **Explanation for why other options are incorrect:**

- **Option 1:** "Southern blotting technique is developed by Alvine et al. (1979)."
     - This statement is incorrect because the Southern blotting technique was developed by Edwin M. Southern in 1975, not by Alvine et al. Southern blotting is a method used to detect specific DNA sequences in DNA samples. The technique involves transferring DNA from a gel onto a membrane and then hybridizing it with a labeled probe.

- **Option 2:** "Northern blotting technique is developed by Broome and Gilbert (1978)."
     - This statement is incorrect because the Northern blotting technique was not developed by Broome and Gilbert. Northern blotting, which is used to study RNA, was developed by James Alwine, David Kemp, and George Stark in 1977. The technique is similar to Southern blotting but is used for RNA detection.

- **Option 4:** "E. M. Southern (1975) purified IgG."
     - This statement is incorrect because Edwin M. Southern is known for developing the Southern blotting technique, not for purifying IgG (Immunoglobulin G). The purification of IgG is a separate biochemical process unrelated to Southern's work on DNA detection.

In summary, Option 3 is correct because it accurately attributes the development of the Western blotting technique to Towbin et al. in 1979, while the other options contain inaccuracies regarding the development and contributions of various blotting techniques.