Which of the following is not an element of communication process ?

Q: Which of the following is not an element of communication process ?

Which of the following is not an element of communication process ?

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 4:
The correct answer is **Measurement** because it is not considered one of the fundamental structural elements of the basic communication process model. The primary purpose of communication theory is to describe how a message travels from a sender to a receiver; therefore, key elements like encoding, transmission, and reception must be included. While communication effectiveness *can* be measured (e.g., through feedback analysis or comprehension tests), the act of measurement itself is an analytical tool *applied* to the process, not an inherent component required for the process to function. It belongs more to the realm of performance appraisal or research methodology than to the core transactional model.

The incorrect option is 1:
**Encoding** is a core and indispensable first step in the communication process. It is the crucial psychological process by which the sender translates their intangible thoughts, ideas, or feelings into a systematic set of symbols, such as language, body language, or visual cues, that can be transmitted. Without encoding, a message remains solely in the mind of the sender and cannot be shared with any other party. This step is vital for converting abstract ideas into a concrete message ready for delivery.

The incorrect option is 2:
The **Channel** is the essential pathway or medium through which the encoded message travels from the sender to the receiver. This can be a physical route, such as air (for spoken words) or a courier (for a written document), or an electronic route, such as a telephone line, email server, or radio signal. Since no message can magically teleport between two parties, the channel serves as the necessary link that completes the transmission phase of the cycle. Without a channel, the communication chain is broken immediately after encoding.

The incorrect option is 3:
The **Receiver** is one of the two main participants in the communication process, alongside the sender. The receiver is the person or group who is the intended target of the message and has the responsibility of performing the final action: decoding. Upon receiving the message via the chosen channel, the receiver interprets the symbols to extract the meaning intended by the sender. The entire process is incomplete and serves no purpose unless there is a receiver to complete the cycle and provide feedback.