Which Psychologist presented scientific description of 'Individual differences' in his Book 'Hereditary Genius'?

Question

Accepted Answer

Sir Francis Galton presented a scientific description of 'Individual differences' in his book 'Hereditary Genius'. Therefore, Option 4 is the correct answer.

Here's why the other options are incorrect:

*   **Option 1: Allport:** Gordon Allport is known for his work on personality traits and the concept of the self. While he did address individual differences in personality, his work came later and was not primarily focused on the *scientific* description of individual differences in the way Galton's was, particularly concerning heredity and intelligence. His major contributions were in personality theory, not the initial quantification of individual differences.

*   **Option 2: Biggi and Hunt:** There is no widely recognized or influential figure in psychology known as "Biggi and Hunt." This option is likely incorrect because it doesn't correspond to established figures in the history of psychology who made significant contributions to the study of individual differences.

*   **Option 3: Jean Piaget:** Jean Piaget is renowned for his theory of cognitive development in children. His focus was on the *stages* of cognitive development that are common to all children, rather than on the *individual differences* in cognitive abilities. While children may progress through these stages at different rates, Piaget's primary concern was with the universal stages themselves, not the variations between individuals.

In summary, Sir Francis Galton's 'Hereditary Genius' directly addressed and attempted to scientifically quantify individual differences, particularly in intelligence, making Option 4 the correct answer. The other options represent psychologists whose work focused on different aspects of psychology or are not recognized figures in the field.