Which sculpture is known as National Emblem of India ?

Question

Accepted Answer

The sculpture known as the National Emblem of India is the Ashoka Pillar, specifically the Lion Capital of Ashoka located at Sarnath. This emblem is a significant symbol of India's heritage and history, and it holds great importance for several reasons:

1. **Historical Significance**: The Ashoka Pillar was erected by Emperor Ashoka, one of India's greatest rulers, who reigned during the Mauryan dynasty in the 3rd century BCE. The Lion Capital at Sarnath is particularly famous because it marks the site where Buddha first taught the Dharma after his enlightenment.

2. **Symbolism**: The Lion Capital features four Asiatic lions standing back to back, symbolizing power, courage, pride, and confidence. Below the lions are a horse, a bull, an elephant, and a lion, separated by intervening wheels (chakras), which represent the spread of Dharma (righteousness) in all directions.

3. **Adoption as National Emblem**: The Government of India adopted the Lion Capital of Ashoka as the National Emblem on January 26, 1950, the day India became a republic. It is a symbol of India's sovereignty and is used on official documents, currency, and government buildings.

Now, let's explain why the other options are incorrect:

2. **Amravati Stupa**: The Amravati Stupa is an ancient Buddhist monument located in Andhra Pradesh. While it is an important historical and religious site, it is not associated with the national emblem of India. The stupa is known for its intricate carvings and sculptures depicting the life of Buddha, but it does not hold the same symbolic significance as the Ashoka Pillar.

3. **Sanchi Stupa**: The Sanchi Stupa is another significant Buddhist monument, located in Madhya Pradesh. It is one of the oldest stone structures in India and is famous for its beautiful gateways and carvings. However, like the Amravati Stupa, it is not related to the national emblem. The Sanchi Stupa is primarily a religious site and does not carry the same emblematic value as the Ashoka Pillar.

4. **Pitalkhora**: Pitalkhora is a group of ancient rock-cut caves located in Maharashtra. These caves are significant for their early Buddhist architecture and art. However, they do not have any connection to the national emblem of India. The caves are primarily known for their historical and archaeological importance rather than any national symbolism.

In conclusion, the Ashoka Pillar, specifically the Lion Capital at Sarnath, is the correct answer as it is the sculpture that serves as the National Emblem of India. It holds deep historical, cultural, and symbolic significance, distinguishing it from the other options.