According to Ecological systems theory of Bronfenbrenner, which of the following does not belong to Macro system of the child ?

Question

Accepted Answer

According to Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, the Macrosystem encompasses the overarching cultural values, beliefs, laws, and customs of a society or culture that influence a child's development.

Here's why Option 1, "School," is the correct answer:

*   **School belongs to the Microsystem and potentially the Exosystem:** A school is a direct environment where the child interacts (Microsystem). While school policies might be influenced by the Macrosystem, the school itself is not the overarching cultural belief system. Furthermore, the school board or administration (which affects the school environment) could be considered part of the Exosystem, as the child doesn't directly participate in these decision-making processes but is affected by them.

Here's why the other options are incorrect:

*   **Option 2: Values:** Values are a core component of the Macrosystem. They represent the deeply held beliefs about what is good, right, and desirable within a culture. These values shape the laws, customs, and institutions that influence a child's development.

*   **Option 3: Laws:** Laws are a direct manifestation of the Macrosystem. They are formal rules and regulations established by a society to govern behavior and maintain order. Laws reflect the values and beliefs of the culture and directly impact individuals, including children.

*   **Option 4: Customs:** Customs are traditional practices and behaviors that are widely accepted and followed within a culture. They are part of the Macrosystem because they represent the shared norms and expectations that shape individuals' interactions and development.