Deficiency of Iodine causes :

Question

Accepted Answer

Deficiency of Iodine causes:

1. **Explanation for Option 1 (Goitre):**  
   Iodine is an essential mineral required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are crucial for regulating metabolism, growth, and development. When there is a deficiency of iodine in the diet, the thyroid gland cannot produce enough thyroid hormones. To compensate, the thyroid gland enlarges, leading to a condition known as goitre. This enlargement is an attempt by the body to capture more iodine from the bloodstream to produce the necessary hormones. Goitre is a well-documented consequence of iodine deficiency and is most commonly observed in regions where iodine intake is insufficient.

2. **Explanation for why other options are incorrect:**

- **Option 2 (Anaemia):**  
     Anaemia is a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, leading to fatigue and weakness. It is commonly caused by a lack of iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid, not iodine. Therefore, iodine deficiency does not lead to anaemia.

- **Option 3 (Scurvy):**  
     Scurvy is a disease resulting from a deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). It is characterized by symptoms such as bleeding gums, joint pain, and fatigue. Iodine deficiency does not cause scurvy, as the two are unrelated in terms of nutritional requirements.

- **Option 4 (Rabies):**  
     Rabies is a viral infection that affects the nervous system and is transmitted through the bite of an infected animal. It is not related to nutritional deficiencies, including iodine deficiency. Therefore, iodine deficiency does not cause rabies.

In conclusion, the correct answer is Option 1: Goitre, as it directly results from iodine deficiency, while the other options are unrelated to iodine levels in the body.