Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow it:

The first step is for us to realize that a city need not to be a frustrater of life; it can be among other things, a mechanism for enhancing life, for producing possibilities of living which are not to be realized except through cities. But, for that to happen, deliberate and drastic planning is needed. Towns as much as animals, must have their systems of organs – those for transport and circulation are an obvious example.

The word 'drastic' means in the passage means

Question

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow it:

The first step is for us to realize that a city need not to be a frustrater of life; it can be among other things, a mechanism for enhancing life, for producing possibilities of living which are not to be realized except through cities. But, for that to happen, deliberate and drastic planning is needed. Towns as much as animals, must have their systems of organs – those for transport and circulation are an obvious example.

The word 'drastic' means in the passage means

Accepted Answer

**Explanation:**

The question asks for the meaning of the word 'drastic' in the given passage. The passage states, "But, for that to happen, deliberate and drastic planning is needed." This refers to the kind of planning required to transform a city from a "frustrater of life" into a "mechanism for enhancing life." Such a transformation would require significant, impactful, and strong measures.

1.  **Why Option 1 (Powerful) is correct:**
    When planning is described as 'drastic', it implies that it needs to be extremely effective, strong, and capable of producing a major impact or change. To shift a city's fundamental role from frustrating to enhancing life, the planning must be more than just ordinary; it must be forceful and have a significant effect. 'Powerful' aligns perfectly with this need for strong, impactful, and effective planning that can bring about profound changes. A powerful plan is one that has the strength and capability to achieve its ambitious goals.

2.  **Why other options are incorrect:**
    *   **Option 2 (Consistent):** 'Consistent' means acting or done in the same way over time, or unchanging. While consistency might be a desirable quality in the *execution* of a plan, 'drastic' refers to the *nature* or *intensity* of the plan itself, suggesting a significant departure or strong intervention, not merely a steady continuation.
    *   **Option 3 (Determined):** 'Determined' refers to having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it. This describes the *mindset* of the planners, not the *quality* or *scope* of the planning itself. While determined planners might create drastic plans, 'drastic' itself doesn't mean determined.
    *   **Option 4 (Orderly):** 'Orderly' means neatly and systematically arranged. While good planning should ideally be orderly, 'drastic' implies a significant, perhaps even radical, change or intervention. It emphasizes the magnitude and impact of the planning, rather than just its neatness or arrangement. Drastic changes often involve disrupting existing order to establish a new, more effective one.

Therefore, in the context of transforming a city to enhance life, 'drastic planning' refers to planning that is strong, impactful, and capable of bringing about significant change, which is best captured by the word 'powerful'.