Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Helicopters are $\underline{very}$ different from airplanes. They can do three things that airplanes cannot do. First, when airplanes move upward, they must also move forward, but helicopters can move straight up without moving ahead. Second, helicopters can fly backward, which airplanes cannot do. Third, helicopters can use their rotors to $\underline{hover} in the air, which is impossible for airplanes. Helicopters can $\underline{perform}$ actions that airplanes cannot, they are used for different tasks. Since helicopters can take off without moving forward, they do not need a runway for takeoff. They are used in $\underline{congested}$ areas where there is no room for airplanes or in isolated areas, which do not have airports. Because they can hover, they are used on fire-fighting missions to drop water on fires. They are used in logging operations to lift trees out of forests. Helicopters are used as air ambulances to airlift patients out of situations, which are difficult to reach by conventional ambulances. The police use helicopters to follow suspects on the ground or to search for cars on the ground. Of course, helicopters have military uses because of their design and capabilities.

Point out the grammatical category of the word 'perform' in the passage.

Question

Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Helicopters are $\underline{very}$ different from airplanes. They can do three things that airplanes cannot do. First, when airplanes move upward, they must also move forward, but helicopters can move straight up without moving ahead. Second, helicopters can fly backward, which airplanes cannot do. Third, helicopters can use their rotors to $\underline{hover} in the air, which is impossible for airplanes. Helicopters can $\underline{perform}$ actions that airplanes cannot, they are used for different tasks. Since helicopters can take off without moving forward, they do not need a runway for takeoff. They are used in $\underline{congested}$ areas where there is no room for airplanes or in isolated areas, which do not have airports. Because they can hover, they are used on fire-fighting missions to drop water on fires. They are used in logging operations to lift trees out of forests. Helicopters are used as air ambulances to airlift patients out of situations, which are difficult to reach by conventional ambulances. The police use helicopters to follow suspects on the ground or to search for cars on the ground. Of course, helicopters have military uses because of their design and capabilities.

Point out the grammatical category of the word 'perform' in the passage.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is Option 1 because 'perform' functions as a verb in the given passage.

**Detailed explanation for why Option 1 (Verb) is correct:**

In the sentence, "Helicopters can $\underline{perform}$ actions that airplanes cannot...", the word 'perform' describes an action that helicopters are capable of doing.
1.  **Action Word:** Verbs are words that express an action, an occurrence, or a state of being. 'Perform' clearly denotes an action (to carry out, accomplish, or fulfill an action or task).
2.  **Following a Modal Auxiliary:** 'Perform' immediately follows the modal auxiliary verb 'can'. Modal verbs (like can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must) are always followed by the base form of a main verb. In this structure, 'can' indicates ability, and 'perform' is the main verb describing the action that can be done.
3.  **Grammatical Function:** It acts as the main verb in the clause, indicating what the subject ('Helicopters') is able to do. The object of the verb 'perform' is 'actions'.

**Explanation for why other options are incorrect:**

*   **Option 2 (Noun) is incorrect:** A noun names a person, place, thing, or idea (e.g., helicopter, action, runway). 'Perform' does not name anything; instead, it describes an action. If it were a noun, it would typically function as a subject or object, or be modified by an article or adjective, which is not its role here.
*   **Option 3 (Adverb) is incorrect:** An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, providing information about how, when, where, or to what extent something is done (e.g., quickly, carefully, well). 'Perform' does not modify another word; it is the action itself, not a description of how an action is done.
*   **Option 4 (Helping verb) is incorrect:** A helping verb (or auxiliary verb) assists the main verb to express tense, mood, or voice (e.g., 'is', 'are', 'have', 'do', 'can'). In the given sentence, 'can' is the helping verb (specifically, a modal auxiliary verb). 'Perform' is the main verb that 'can' is helping to express the ability of helicopters. 'Perform' itself is not assisting another verb; it is the primary action verb in the phrase.