Given below are two statements Assertion (A) and Reason (R): (A) Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 is considered a milestone in human history. (R) It had a global impact on human society and inspired the exploited and marginalized people across the globe to raise voice & fight against all kind of inequality:

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 1:

The Bolshevik Revolution, which took place in Russia in October 1917, is undoubtedly a monumental turning point in world history, making Assertion (A) true. It resulted in the establishment of the world’s first communist state, fundamentally challenging the capitalist and monarchical systems that dominated global politics at the time. The foundational principle of the Bolshevik state, inspired by Marxist ideology, was the abolition of private property and the establishment of a worker-controlled society. This is precisely why it had a massive global impact (R), spreading the ideals of communism and revolution far beyond Russia’s borders. The revolution provided a working model for the "exploited and marginalized"—the industrial proletariat and the peasantry—to fight against colonial rule, feudalism, and socio-economic inequality worldwide. This ideological inspiration led to the formation of communist parties globally, influenced anti-colonial movements in Asia and Africa, and directly contributed to the geopolitical tension (the Cold War) for the next seven decades. Thus, the global impact and inspiration for the marginalized (R) perfectly explains why the revolution is considered a historical milestone (A).

The incorrect option is 2:
This option suggests that both statements are true but that R does not explain A. This is incorrect because R provides the fundamental justification for why the Bolshevik Revolution is considered a milestone (A)—its immense and transformative global consequences.

The incorrect option is 3:
This option claims R is false. This is factually incorrect. The global spread of communist ideology, the formation of the Soviet Union, and the subsequent influence on workers' rights and anti-colonial struggles prove that the revolution had a massive, undeniable global impact.

The incorrect option is 4:
This option claims A is false. The Bolshevik Revolution, which ushered in the era of communism, fundamentally restructured geopolitics, society, and economics in the 20th century. It is universally recognized as a foundational historical event, making A (that it is a milestone) true.