Hot spot concept' of the origin of intra plate Volcanoes was given by:

Question

Accepted Answer

The 'hot spot concept' of the origin of intraplate volcanoes was given by Tuzo Wilson. Here's why:

*   **Why Option 3 (Tuzo Wilson) is correct:** Tuzo Wilson is widely credited with developing the hot spot theory in the 1960s. He proposed that relatively fixed plumes of magma rising from deep within the Earth's mantle (mantle plumes) are responsible for creating volcanic activity on the Earth's surface, independent of plate boundaries. As tectonic plates move over these stationary hot spots, a chain of volcanoes is formed, with the oldest volcanoes being furthest from the hot spot and the youngest being directly above it. The Hawaiian Islands are a classic example of a volcanic island chain formed by a hot spot.

*   **Why Option 1 (Holmes) is incorrect:** Arthur Holmes was a pioneer in geochronology and a strong advocate for the theory of continental drift. While he made significant contributions to understanding the Earth's interior and the movement of continents, he is not primarily associated with the hot spot concept. His work focused more on radioactive dating and the thermal convection within the mantle as a driving force for continental drift.

*   **Why Option 2 (Kober) is incorrect:** Leopold Kober was a geologist known for his geosynclinal theory, which explained mountain building as a result of the contraction of the Earth's crust. His work focused on orogeny (mountain formation) and the role of geosynclines (large sedimentary basins) in this process. He did not develop the hot spot concept.

*   **Why Option 4 (Joly) is incorrect:** John Joly was an Irish physicist and geologist who made contributions to the understanding of radioactivity and its role in the Earth's heat budget. He proposed theories about the Earth's internal heat and its influence on geological processes, but he is not credited with the hot spot theory. His work predates the development of plate tectonics and the hot spot concept.