Identify the correct group :

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 1:

Students, the correct pair among the choices given is **B. R. Ambedkar - Independent Labour Party**. This pairing is historically accurate and fundamental to understanding Dr. B. R. Ambedkar’s political journey in championing the cause of the depressed classes and the working poor in pre-Independence India. The Independent Labour Party (ILP) was founded by Dr. Ambedkar in August 1936. His main objective in establishing the ILP was to create a robust political organization capable of fighting against both the Brahmanical social hierarchy and the capitalist structures that oppressed the working class and marginalized communities. The ILP successfully contested the 1937 Provincial elections and won 15 out of the 17 seats it contested, primarily in Bombay, demonstrating significant electoral strength among the scheduled castes and labour forces. Crucially, the party was designed to represent all depressed classes, regardless of their religious background, and was fiercely anti-caste and pro-worker, notably opposing the Industrial Disputes Bill of 1937 because it restricted the workers' right to strike. Although the ILP was later succeeded by the Scheduled Castes Federation (SCF) and eventually the Republican Party of India (RPI), the Independent Labour Party marks a critical initial phase of Dr. Ambedkar's formal parliamentary politics.

The incorrect option is 2:

The pairing of **Acharya Narendra Dev - Samajwadi Party** is partially misleading, making it incorrect in the context of founder/primary association. While Acharya Narendra Dev was one of the foremost socialist ideologues in India and a significant leader of the socialist movement, he was primarily a founding leader of the Congress Socialist Party (CSP) within the Indian National Congress in 1934. When the socialists decided to leave the Congress in 1948, the Socialist Party was formed. Acharya Narendra Dev was deeply involved with this party and served as its chairman from 1950 to 1952. However, he was not the sole founder of the broader ‘Samajwadi Party’ (which is a term covering various subsequent socialist groups). Crucially, in 1952, the Socialist Party merged with the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party (KMPP) to form the Praja Socialist Party (PSP), where he also served as chairman. Given the subsequent evolution and mergers, associating him solely with the ‘Samajwadi Party’ without context can be considered less accurate than the Ambedkar pair.

The incorrect option is 3:

The pairing of **Shyama Prasad Mukherjee - Kashmir Morcha** is factually inaccurate. Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee was a highly prominent national leader, but his primary political association after leaving the Congress was founding the **Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS)** in 1951, which later became the foundation of the modern Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). His association with the Kashmir issue was indeed pivotal; he fiercely opposed Article 370, advocating for the complete integration of Jammu and Kashmir with the rest of India under the slogan 'Ek Desh Mein Do Vidhan, Do Pradhan, Do Nishan Nahi Chalenge' (One country cannot have two Constitutions, two Prime Ministers, and two Flags). He died in detention in Kashmir in 1953 while protesting the permit system required to enter the state. While the *cause* of Kashmir was central to his politics and death, the political organization he founded and led was the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, not a separate organization named 'Kashmir Morcha'.

The incorrect option is 4:

The pairing of **A. K. Gopalan - Swatantra Party** is incorrect. A. K. Gopalan (AKG) was one of the most revered and iconic figures in the Communist movement in India, particularly in Kerala. He was a veteran freedom fighter and a dedicated Communist leader who served as a prominent leader of the Communist Party of India (CPI) and later the Communist Party of India (Marxist) $$CPI(M)$$. In contrast, the Swatantra Party was founded in 1959 by C. Rajagopalachari and others (like Minoo Masani and N. G. Ranga). The Swatantra Party was a right-wing, classical liberal, and conservative political formation that strongly advocated for free-market principles, minimal government intervention, and opposed the Nehruvian centralized planning and license-permit raj. Given that AKG was a lifelong, staunch Communist leader, his ideological and political affiliation stands in direct and complete opposition to the principles and organization of the Swatantra Party.