In the 10 Thaat system of Pt. Bhatkhande :
Statement : (A) Shuddh or Vikrit, only one distinction of swar is used.
(R) Ma or Pa Samvadi swar of every Purvang swar is definitely in Uttarang.

Question

In the 10 Thaat system of Pt. Bhatkhande : 
Statement : (A) Shuddh or Vikrit, only one distinction of swar is used. 
(R) Ma or Pa Samvadi swar of every Purvang swar is definitely in Uttarang.

Accepted Answer

In the context of the 10 Thaat system of Pt. Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande, let's analyze the statements and the reasoning provided:

1. **Statement (A):** "Shuddh or Vikrit, only one distinction of swar is used."
   - In the 10 Thaat system, each Thaat is defined by a specific set of swaras (notes), which can be either Shuddh (natural) or Vikrit (altered). The system uses these distinctions to categorize the various Thaats. Therefore, the statement is true because the Thaat system indeed relies on the distinction between Shuddh and Vikrit swaras to define its structure.

2. **Statement (R):** "Ma or Pa Samvadi swar of every Purvang swar is definitely in Uttarang."
   - In Indian classical music, the concept of Purvang (the first half of the octave) and Uttarang (the second half of the octave) is significant. The Samvadi swar is the second most important note in a raga after the Vadi swar. Typically, Ma (Madhyam) and Pa (Pancham) are pivotal notes that often serve as Samvadi swaras. The statement suggests that these notes, when serving as Samvadi, are present in the Uttarang, which aligns with the traditional structure of many ragas. Hence, this statement is also true.

Given these analyses, both Statement (A) and Statement (R) are true, which supports the correctness of Option 3: "(A) and (R) both are true."

**Explanation for Incorrectness of Other Options:**

1. **Option 1:** "(A) is true and (R) is false"
   - This option is incorrect because Statement (R) is true, as explained above. The presence of Ma or Pa as Samvadi swaras in the Uttarang is a valid observation in the context of the Thaat system.

2. **Option 2:** "(A) is false and (R) is true"
   - This option is incorrect because Statement (A) is true. The distinction between Shuddh and Vikrit swaras is fundamental to the Thaat system, making Statement (A) accurate.

3. **Option 4:** "(A) and (R) both are false"
   - This option is incorrect because both statements are true. The Thaat system's reliance on Shuddh and Vikrit swaras and the role of Ma or Pa as Samvadi swaras in the Uttarang are both valid and accurate.

Thus, the correct answer is Option 3, as both statements accurately reflect the principles of the 10 Thaat system of Pt. Bhatkhande.