In which part of 'Prabandh', the words praising of Nayaka was mentioned ?

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 2:
The correct option is 2, **Virud** (or Biruda). In the classical Indian music form *Prabandh*, as described by ancient musicologists like Sharangadeva in *Sangeeta Ratnakara*, the composition is structured by four *Dhatus* (sections) and six *Angas* (components). The *Virud* is one of these six *Angas*, and it is specifically defined as the segment that contains words of praise addressed to the *Nayaka* (hero, king, or deity) of the composition, often expounding his courage and valor. This element highlights the non-devotional, secular, or commendatory aspect of the *Prabandh*, affirming that the section's sole purpose is the formal act of eulogy.

The incorrect option is 1:
The option **Pad** (or Pada) refers to the meaningful literary text or the main body of the lyrics within the *Prabandh* composition. While the entire *Pad* might contain verses of praise, it is the comprehensive element that conveys the song's general theme and story, not just the laudatory part. *Pad* encompasses all the words set to music, which is a broader function than the highly specific eulogy provided by the *Virud*. Therefore, although praise may be found in the *Pad*, *Virud* is the technical term for the section dedicated to this explicit praise.

The incorrect option is 3:
The option **Paat** (or Pata) is a rhythmic *anga* of the *Prabandh* and is concerned with the percussive or instrumental aspects of the music. *Paat* consists of the syllabic sounds (or *bols*) derived from drums, such as the *Pakhawaj*, or stringed instruments, such as the *Veena*. This element has no semantic or literary meaning and is purely rhythmic in nature. Its function is to enrich the metrical complexity of the composition, which is entirely separate from the literary function of expressing praise for the *Nayaka*.

The incorrect option is 4:
The option **Tenaka** (or Tena) is another *anga* of *Prabandh* that consists of a set of auspicious, but usually meaningless, syllables like 'Tena', 'Tana', or 'Hom'. These syllables are used primarily for melodic ornamentation and to enhance the aesthetic beauty (*Raga Bhaav*) of the composition. While they are a vital component, they do not carry the structured, meaningful text of a commendation or eulogy. Thus, the purpose of *Tenaka* is decorative and auspicious, not the textual praise of the *Nayaka*.