Match the correct combination of answer :
L - Hypoxia : (I) Alveolar Ventilation
M - Dead Space : (II) Ventricular Diastole
N - Cardiac Cycle : (III) Amount of air inhaled in one inspiration
O - Tidal Volume : (IV) Deficiency of oxygen at tissue level

Question

Accepted Answer

Option 1 is the correct answer, and here's why:

1. **L - Hypoxia : (IV) Deficiency of oxygen at tissue level**
   - Hypoxia refers to a condition where there is a deficiency of oxygen reaching the tissues. This matches perfectly with option IV, which describes hypoxia as a deficiency of oxygen at the tissue level.

2. **M - Dead Space : (I) Alveolar Ventilation**
   - Dead space in the respiratory system refers to areas where air is present but not involved in gas exchange, such as the trachea and bronchi. Alveolar ventilation is the process of air reaching the alveoli where gas exchange occurs. The concept of dead space is directly related to alveolar ventilation because it affects the efficiency of ventilation. Thus, option I is correctly matched with dead space.

3. **N - Cardiac Cycle : (II) Ventricular Diastole**
   - The cardiac cycle includes all the events in one heartbeat, including both systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation). Ventricular diastole is a phase of the cardiac cycle where the ventricles relax and fill with blood. Therefore, option II correctly corresponds to the cardiac cycle.

4. **O - Tidal Volume : (III) Amount of air inhaled in one inspiration**
   - Tidal volume is the amount of air that is inhaled or exhaled during a normal breath. This matches with option III, which describes it as the amount of air inhaled in one inspiration.

Now, let's explain why the other options are incorrect:

- **Option 2: L-IV, M-II, N-III, O-I**
  - M-II is incorrect because dead space is not related to ventricular diastole.
  - N-III is incorrect because the cardiac cycle is not defined by the amount of air inhaled.
  - O-I is incorrect because tidal volume is not related to alveolar ventilation directly.

- **Option 3: L-IV, M-III, N-I, O-II**
  - M-III is incorrect because dead space does not refer to the amount of air inhaled.
  - N-I is incorrect because the cardiac cycle is not directly related to alveolar ventilation.
  - O-II is incorrect because tidal volume does not describe ventricular diastole.

- **Option 4: L-III, M-IV, N-II, O-I**
  - L-III is incorrect because hypoxia is not the amount of air inhaled.
  - M-IV is incorrect because dead space is not a deficiency of oxygen at the tissue level.
  - O-I is incorrect because tidal volume is not related to alveolar ventilation directly.

In conclusion, Option 1 is the only choice where all the terms are correctly matched with their definitions, making it the correct answer.