Match the following List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List I (Original Rocks) - List II (Metamorphic Rocks)
(a) Gabbro - (i) Slate
(b) Mica - (ii) Marble
(c) Shale - (iii) Serpentine
(d) Lime stone - (iv) Schist
Codes :

Question

Match the following List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below : 
List I (Original Rocks) - List II (Metamorphic Rocks)
(a) Gabbro - (i) Slate
(b) Mica - (ii) Marble
(c) Shale - (iii) Serpentine
(d) Lime stone - (iv) Schist
Codes :

Accepted Answer

Here's a detailed explanation justifying why Option 1 is the correct answer and why the other options are incorrect, based on the provided information:

**Justification for Option 1: (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)**

Option 1 correctly matches the original rocks with their corresponding metamorphic rocks:

*   **(a) Gabbro - (iii) Serpentine:** Gabbro, an intrusive igneous rock primarily composed of mafic minerals, can undergo metamorphism, particularly serpentinization. This process involves hydration and alteration of the mafic minerals (like olivine and pyroxene) into serpentine minerals. Therefore, Gabbro is correctly matched with Serpentine.

*   **(b) Mica - (iv) Schist:** Schist is a metamorphic rock characterized by its foliated texture, meaning it has a layered or platy structure. This foliation is often due to the parallel alignment of platy minerals like mica. While mica is a mineral, rocks rich in mica (like some shales or igneous rocks) can metamorphose into schist. The metamorphism causes the mica grains to align, enhancing the schistose texture. Therefore, Mica (as a component of a parent rock) is correctly matched with Schist.

*   **(c) Shale - (i) Slate:** Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock composed of clay minerals. When shale undergoes low-grade metamorphism (i.e., subjected to relatively low temperatures and pressures), the clay minerals recrystallize and align, resulting in the formation of slate. Slate is a fine-grained, foliated metamorphic rock that splits easily into thin, flat sheets. Therefore, Shale is correctly matched with Slate.

*   **(d) Limestone - (ii) Marble:** Limestone is a sedimentary rock primarily composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). When limestone undergoes metamorphism, the calcium carbonate recrystallizes, resulting in the formation of marble. Marble is a metamorphic rock known for its crystalline texture and is often used for sculpture and building materials. Therefore, Limestone is correctly matched with Marble.

**Why other options are incorrect:**

*   **Option 2: (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i):** This option incorrectly matches Shale with Marble and Limestone with Slate. Shale metamorphoses into Slate, not Marble, and Limestone metamorphoses into Marble, not Slate.

*   **Option 3: (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii):** This option incorrectly matches Gabbro with Schist and Mica with Serpentine. Gabbro metamorphoses into Serpentine, not Schist, and Mica (as a component of a parent rock) metamorphoses into Schist, not Serpentine.

*   **Option 4: (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv):** This option incorrectly matches Gabbro with Slate, Mica with Marble, Shale with Serpentine, and Limestone with Schist. None of these pairings are correct based on the metamorphic relationships between the original rocks and their metamorphic counterparts.