"Peace declared in Punjab" is a painting by:

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 4:
The painting "Peace Declared in Punjab" (c. 1921) is a seminal work by Gaganendranath Tagore, the elder brother of Abanindranath Tagore. This piece is a strong example of his unique satirical and critical art, which he often expressed through Cubist-inspired geometric forms and dramatic lighting. The painting is a visual commentary on the social and political tension following the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, where the British declared 'peace' after a period of intense repression. Gaganendranath was a pioneer in Indian art for actively incorporating modern European styles, such as Cubism, to create sharp, intellectual critiques of contemporary events, distinguishing his work from the spiritual revivalism of the Bengal School.

The incorrect option is 1:
Samarendranath Tagore was involved in the family's artistic circle but is not recognized as a major creative figure or the author of this specific, important work. His contributions to the art movement led by his brothers were often supportive or administrative in nature. He did not achieve the same level of prominence for his individual artistic output as Gaganendranath or Abanindranath.

The incorrect option is 2:
Rabindranath Tagore, the celebrated poet and Nobel laureate, turned to painting much later in his life, around the 1920s. His artistic style was highly personal, characterized by free-flowing lines, rhythmic doodles, and an intense, emotional expressionism. His subjects were primarily non-representational or consisted of fantastic creatures and human faces, reflecting an inner world. His work does not align with the Cubist-inspired geometric and overtly satirical style of "Peace Declared in Punjab."

The incorrect option is 3:
Abanindranath Tagore was the key founder of the Bengal School of Art, an artistic movement focused on a nationalist revival of indigenous art forms. His signature technique was the delicate 'Wash' method, characterized by soft, ethereal colours and spiritual or historical themes. His style intentionally avoided the sharp lines and geometric forms seen in "Peace Declared in Punjab." Therefore, the aesthetic and thematic approach of this painting is contrary to the core principles and known works of Abanindranath.