Pearl S. Buck's 'The Enemy' deals with :
(a) the conflict between man's humane feelings and the prejudices created by nations at war.
(b) the conflict between a man's duty towards the state and towards his own conscience.
(c) the real enemy : deeply bigoted and blindly prejudiced citizens so consumed by their nationalist patriotism that everybody who is not a countryman is deemed inferior at birth.
(d) the universality of the Human Race.

Question

Accepted Answer

Option 4, "Statements (a), (b), (c) and (d)," is the correct answer because Pearl S. Buck's 'The Enemy' encompasses all the themes described in statements (a), (b), (c), and (d). Let's break down why:

*   **(a) the conflict between man's humane feelings and the prejudices created by nations at war:** This is a central theme. Dr. Sadao Hoki, a Japanese surgeon, is torn between his duty as a doctor to save a life (his humane feelings) and the societal prejudice against Americans during World War II. He chooses to save the American prisoner of war, Tom, demonstrating this conflict.

*   **(b) the conflict between a man's duty towards the state and towards his own conscience:** Sadao faces this dilemma directly. His duty to his country would dictate turning Tom over to the authorities. However, his conscience, shaped by his medical oath and basic human decency, compels him to help Tom. He struggles with the potential consequences of harboring an enemy, highlighting this internal conflict.

*   **(c) the real enemy : deeply bigoted and blindly prejudiced citizens so consumed by their nationalist patriotism that everybody who is not a countryman is deemed inferior at birth:** While not explicitly stated, the story subtly critiques this mindset. The servants' initial reaction to Tom reflects this prejudice. They are unwilling to help and fear the consequences of aiding an enemy. The General's self-centeredness and willingness to prioritize his own health over national duty also indirectly points to the dangers of unchecked nationalism and self-serving patriotism. The story implies that such rigid, unthinking prejudice is a greater threat than any individual enemy soldier.

*   **(d) the universality of the Human Race:** Despite the war and nationalistic fervor, Sadao and Hana ultimately recognize Tom's humanity. They see him as a fellow human being in need of help. Sadao's medical training transcends national boundaries, and he treats Tom with the same care he would any other patient. This underscores the idea that basic human compassion and the value of life are universal, regardless of nationality or political affiliation.

Therefore, because the novel explores all four of these interconnected themes, Option 4 is the most comprehensive and accurate answer.

Now, let's explain why the other options are incorrect:

*   **Option 1: Statements (a) and (b):** While (a) and (b) are definitely present, this option omits the crucial element of the societal critique of blind prejudice (c) and the overarching theme of universal humanity (d). It's too narrow in its scope.

*   **Option 2: Statements (a) and (c):** This option captures the conflict between humane feelings and prejudice and the critique of blind nationalism. However, it misses the important internal conflict of duty versus conscience (b) and the broader message of universal human connection (d).

*   **Option 3: Statements (a), (b) and (d):** This option includes the humane conflict, the duty/conscience conflict, and the universality of humanity. However, it omits the critical element of the story's commentary on the dangers of blind prejudice and extreme nationalism (c), which is a significant aspect of the narrative.

In conclusion, only Option 4 fully encompasses all the major themes and ideas presented in Pearl S. Buck's 'The Enemy,' making it the correct and most complete answer.