Read the statements carefully and choose the correct option: Statement: (i) To disturb stable equilibrium of an object, it would requires to drop C.G. to a lower point.. Statement: (ii) When object's C.G. is neither raised nor lowered, it is called neutral equilibrium.

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is (2):
This option correctly states that only Statement (ii) is accurate, which perfectly aligns with the principles of biomechanics concerning the types of equilibrium. Statement (ii) accurately describes **Neutral Equilibrium**, a state where an object's Center of Gravity (C.G.) is neither raised nor lowered when it is slightly displaced. In this state, the C.G. remains on the same horizontal plane. For instance, a bowling ball rolling on a level alley is in neutral equilibrium; when you move it, the ball remains balanced in its new position without tending to return to the old one or moving further away. This constant C.G. height is the defining characteristic of this equilibrium type.

The incorrect option is (1):
Statement (i) is fundamentally incorrect. **Stable Equilibrium** is defined by the fact that the object’s Center of Gravity (C.G.) must be *raised* to disturb its balance. This is why having a low C.G. and a wide base of support increases stability—it requires more external force to lift the C.G. over the base and cause a topple. Dropping the C.G. to a lower point is actually what happens when an object in *unstable* equilibrium is disturbed, or it is a natural movement toward a more stable position. Therefore, because Statement (i) is false and Statement (ii) is true, the option claiming only (i) is correct is invalid.

The incorrect option is (3):
This option claims that both statements are correct, but as detailed above, Statement (i) is factually incorrect according to the definitions of stable equilibrium. To disturb stable equilibrium, work must be done against gravity to raise the C.G. of the object. Thus, a statement containing a false premise cannot be wholly correct.

The incorrect option is (4):
This option states that both statements are incorrect. This is definitively false because Statement (ii) is the correct and precise definition of neutral equilibrium. The fact that the C.G. is neither raised nor lowered when the object is moved is the textbook definition that separates neutral equilibrium from stable (C.G. raised) and unstable (C.G. lowered) equilibrium.