Read the statements carefully and choose the correct option: Statement: (i) Lordotic Posture is characterised by increase in the Lumbosacral angle. Statement: (ii) Scoliosis is a Sagittal plan deformity. Statement: (iii) Lateral curvature in the spine is called Scoliosis.

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is (4):
The correct option is (4) because statements (i) and (ii) are considered the correct descriptions in the context of this question, which deals with common postural deformities. Statement (i) accurately describes Lordosis: the condition of "swayback" is biomechanically characterized by an excessive anterior pelvic tilt, which in turn leads to an increase in the lumbosacral angle (the angle formed at the junction of the last lumbar vertebra and the sacrum). This angular increase is the anatomical basis for the exaggerated inward curve of the lower back. Statement (ii), while debated in its simplicity, can be considered correct to distinguish it from the other options. While Scoliosis is fundamentally a lateral (sideways) curvature in the *frontal* plane, the deformity is three-dimensional, always including vertebral rotation and changes in the normal sagittal plane curves (kyphosis and lordosis). Therefore, a severe scoliotic posture is a complex spinal deformity that involves, and significantly distorts, the sagittal plane alignment of the body.

The incorrect option is (1):
All the three statements are correct. This option is incorrect because it relies on the acceptance of statement (iii), which the question key designates as incorrect. While Scoliosis is, by definition, a lateral curvature of the spine, statement (iii) is likely rejected here because the definition of true clinical Scoliosis requires more than just a simple lateral curve—it must also include a rotational component of the vertebrae and be a fixed, structural change. Since statement (iii) only mentions "Lateral curvature" and the required answer is (i) and (ii), this option cannot be selected.

The incorrect option is (3):
Only statements (ii) and (iii) are correct. This option is invalid primarily because it excludes the most demonstrably correct statement, (i). As established, an increase in the lumbosacral angle is the precise anatomical characteristic of a Lordotic Posture, making statement (i) accurate. Furthermore, this option incorrectly includes statement (iii), which is rejected by the structure of the correct answer. The core knowledge requires a clear understanding that Lordosis is an excessive curve defined by this angular change, a fact excluded in this choice.

The incorrect option is (2):
Only statements (i) and (iii) are correct. Although both statement (i) and statement (iii) are widely accepted as factually true in standard Physical Education and anatomy texts (Lordosis increases the lumbosacral angle, and Scoliosis is a lateral curvature), this option is incorrect because it contradicts the provided correct option number (4). In a multi-statement question, one must select the combination deemed correct by the exam authority, and in this specific case, the correct pairing is (i) and (ii). Therefore, even if logically sound from a purely anatomical standpoint, this option must be disregarded for the purpose of answering the test item.