The correct group of 'Madhyam Gram Moorchhana' is:

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 3:
The concept of *Murchhana* belongs to the ancient system of *Gram* music, where a *Gram* is a parent scale of seven notes with specific *shruti* (microtone) intervals. *Murchhana* refers to the ordered ascending and descending sequence of the seven notes of a *Gram*, effectively creating different modes or scales by shifting the starting note (*Shadaj*). Ancient music theory recognizes primarily two *Grams*: *Shadaj Gram* and *Madhyam Gram*, each having seven *Murchhanas*, totaling fourteen main types. The seven *Murchhanas* specifically associated with the *Madhyam Gram* are Sauvīrī, Hariṇāśvā, Kalopanatā, Śuddhamadhyā, Mārgavī, Pauravī, and Hṛṣyakā. The group *Margi*, *Kalopanta*, and *Souveri* (variants of Mārgavī, Kalopanatā, and Sauvīrī) correctly names three authentic *Murchhanas* from this specific *Madhyam Gram* set.

The incorrect options are 1, 2, and 4:
Option 1, *Uttarmanda* and *Abhirudgata*, are Murchhanas belonging to the other major scale, the *Shadaj Gram*. The seven *Murchhanas* of *Shadaj Gram* are Uttaramandrā, Rajanī, Uttarāyatā, Śuddhaṣaḍjā, Matsarīkṛta, Aśvakrāntā, and Abhirudgatā. Because these names are explicitly assigned to the *Shadaj Gram*, they cannot form the correct group for the *Madhyam Gram*. Similarly, Option 4 includes *Rajni* and *Ashwakranta*, both of which are definitive Murchhanas of the *Shadaj Gram*. Since the question asks for the correct group of *Madhyam Gram Murchhanas*, a mixed group containing *Shadaj Gram* names is incorrect, despite *Shuddh-Madhya* being a *Madhyam Gram* name. Option 2, *Vishala*, *Sumukha*, *Hrishyka*, is partially inaccurate; while *Hrishyka* is a correct *Madhyam Gram* name, *Vishala* and *Sumukha* are generally less referenced or are alternate names compared to the established seven, making Option 3 the most accurate and widely accepted combination.