The Dhaivat Swar of Madhyam Gram is:

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 1:
Chatushrutik. This question requires a precise understanding of the ancient Indian musicological system of *Gram* and the *Shruti* (microtone) values assigned to the notes (*Swaras*) within it, as codified by Bharata. The *Madhyam Gram* is fundamentally defined by its specific *Shruti* distribution across the seven notes: Shadaj (Sa) is 4, Rishabh (Re) is 3, Gandhar (Ga) is 2, Madhyam (Ma) is 4, Pancham (Pa) is 3, Dhaivat (Dha) is 4, and Nishad (Ni) is 2. Therefore, Dhaivat (*Dha*) in the *Madhyam Gram* is explicitly a four-*shruti* note, which is termed *Chatushrutik*. This arrangement, particularly the combination of a 3-*shruti* Pancham and a 4-*shruti* Dhaivat, is the defining feature that distinguishes the *Madhyam Gram* from the *Shadaj Gram*.

The incorrect option is 2:
Trishrutik is incorrect because a *Trishrutik* note has a value of exactly three *Shrutis*. While Rishabh (*Re*) and Pancham (*Pa*) are *Trishrutik* notes in the *Madhyam Gram* structure, Dhaivat (*Dha*) is not. Confusing Dhaivat with a *Trishrutik* note would incorrectly assign it the value of Pancham or Rishabh. Furthermore, Dhaivat in *Shadaj Gram* is *Trishrutik*, but in *Madhyam Gram*, it is *Chatushrutik*.

The incorrect option is 3:
Dwishrutik is incorrect as it refers to a *Swar* having a measure of only two *Shrutis*. In the *Madhyam Gram*, the only *Swaras* classified as *Dwishrutik* are Gandhar (*Ga*) and Nishad (*Ni*). These two-shruti notes create the shortest usable interval in the ancient scale, and their placement is structurally mandated. Dhaivat, however, is a *Chatushrutik* note, clearly distinct from the *Dwishrutik* notes in the scale.

The incorrect option is 4:
Shatshrutik is incorrect. The term *Shatshrutik* means six *Shrutis*. In the 22-*Shruti* system detailed by ancient musicologists like Bharata, there is no major *Shuddha Swar* assigned a value of six *Shrutis*. The largest interval assigned to any of the seven primary notes is *Chatushrutik* (four *Shrutis*).