The evidence of a ploughed field found at the early Harappan level belongs to

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Accepted Answer

The correct option is 1:

Kalibangan is a crucial archaeological site of the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), located in Rajasthan, India. It is historically significant because it provides the earliest known evidence of a ploughed field in the world, dating back to the pre-Harappan or Early Harappan phase (roughly 2800 BCE). This ploughed field shows criss-cross furrows, suggesting the use of two different cropping patterns simultaneously, which offers invaluable insight into the advanced agricultural practices of the early inhabitants of the region. The discovery at Kalibangan confirms the early use of systematic agriculture well before the mature phase of the Harappan civilization, distinguishing it as a key site for understanding IVC's agrarian foundation.

The incorrect option is 2: Amari, or Amri, is an important site in Sindh, Pakistan, primarily known for representing the transition phases from pre-Harappan to Harappan culture. While important for its ceramic sequence, it is not the site famous for the evidence of the ploughed field.

The incorrect option is 3: Kotdeeji, also in Sindh, Pakistan, is another significant site that predates the mature Harappan period. It is noted for its defense walls and a distinct pottery tradition, but its primary historical contribution is not the discovery of a ploughed field.

The incorrect option is 4: Ganeshwar is a site located in Rajasthan, associated with the Copper Age cultures of India (Ganeshwar-Jodhpura culture). It is particularly renowned for its rich copper artifacts, indicating its importance as a source of copper for the Indus Valley Civilization, but it does not hold the evidence for the ploughed field.