The five stepped system of lesson planning was started by

Question

Accepted Answer

The five-stepped system of lesson planning is attributed to Johann Friedrich Herbart, making Option 3 the correct answer. Herbart was a German philosopher, psychologist, and educator who lived in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He is considered one of the founding figures of modern pedagogy. Herbart's approach to education emphasized structured and systematic instruction, which he believed could be achieved through a series of steps in lesson planning. These steps typically include preparation, presentation, association, generalization, and application. This method was designed to ensure that students not only received information but also understood and could apply it.

Now, let's examine why the other options are incorrect:

1. **Kilpatrick**: William Heard Kilpatrick was an American educator and a follower of John Dewey. He is best known for his project method of teaching, which emphasizes student-driven projects and experiential learning rather than a structured, step-by-step lesson plan. Therefore, he is not associated with the five-stepped system of lesson planning.

2. **Bloom**: Benjamin Bloom was an American educational psychologist who is best known for Bloom's Taxonomy, a framework for categorizing educational goals. While Bloom's work is influential in education, particularly in the areas of assessment and cognitive development, it does not pertain to a five-stepped system of lesson planning.

4. **Morrison**: Henry C. Morrison was an American educator known for the Morrison Plan, which focused on unit-based instruction rather than a five-step lesson plan. His approach was more about organizing curriculum content into units rather than following a specific sequence of steps in lesson planning.

In summary, Johann Friedrich Herbart's contribution to education through his structured approach to lesson planning is why Option 3 is the correct answer. His five-stepped system laid the groundwork for systematic instruction, distinguishing his work from the educational philosophies and methods of Kilpatrick, Bloom, and Morrison.