The idea that a subordinate should have only one supervisor to whom he or she is directly responsible:

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 1:
The principle described is exactly the definition of **Unity of command**, which is a fundamental principle of organizational structure put forth by classical management theorist Henri Fayol. This principle dictates that for any action whatsoever, an employee should receive orders from one and only one superior. The purpose is to establish a clear, unambiguous chain of command, thereby preventing the inherent chaos that would result from conflicting orders, dual subordination, and the subsequent erosion of authority and discipline. Adherence to this principle is essential for maintaining order and effectiveness within a managerial system.

The incorrect option is 2:
**Unity of direction** is a separate principle from Fayol's framework, and it focuses on the coordinated efforts of groups, not the individual's reporting line. This principle states that all activities with the same objective must be directed by one manager using one plan. It is about organizational coordination to achieve a single purpose, ensuring that all efforts within a department are aligned towards the same goal. It concerns the structure of plans and goals across the organization, rather than the chain of command for an individual subordinate.

The incorrect option is 3:
**Readiness of followers** is a concept derived from behavioral and situational leadership theories, such as the Hersey-Blanchard model. It measures an employee’s competence and motivation to perform a task and is used to determine the appropriate leadership style (e.g., directing, coaching, supporting). This concept is a psychological variable that guides leadership behavior, not a fixed, structural rule defining the number of supervisors an employee must report to.

The incorrect option is 4:
**Supervision** refers to the general management function of directly overseeing and guiding the work of subordinates. It is the *act* of watching over and directing workers to ensure the work is done properly and efficiently. While a supervisor is the person who *exercises* command, the term 'supervision' itself describes the function, not the specific organizational principle that limits the number of those to one.