Which are the countries where population growth rate is negative?
(i) Hungary
(ii) Japan
(iii) Romania
(iv) Greece

Question

Which are the countries where population growth rate is negative? 
(i) Hungary 
(ii) Japan 
(iii) Romania 
(iv) Greece

Accepted Answer

Option 1 is correct because all the listed countries – Hungary, Japan, Romania, and Greece – have experienced periods of negative population growth.

*   **Hungary:** Hungary has faced population decline due to factors like low birth rates and emigration.

*   **Japan:** Japan is well-known for its aging population and declining birth rate, leading to a consistent negative population growth rate.

*   **Romania:** Romania has experienced population decline due to emigration and low birth rates.

*   **Greece:** Greece has also faced population decline, particularly due to the economic crisis and subsequent emigration, coupled with low birth rates.

Therefore, since all four countries (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) have experienced negative population growth, Option 1, which includes all of them, is the correct answer.

Now, let's explain why the other options are incorrect:

*   **Option 2: (i), (iii) and (iv)** This option is incorrect because it omits Japan (ii), which, as explained above, has a well-documented history of negative population growth.

*   **Option 3: (ii), (iii) and (iv)** This option is incorrect because it omits Hungary (i), which has also experienced negative population growth due to low birth rates and emigration.

*   **Option 4: (i), (ii) and (iv)** This option is incorrect because it omits Romania (iii), which has experienced population decline due to emigration and low birth rates.

In conclusion, Option 1 is the only option that correctly includes all the countries that have experienced negative population growth.