Which of the following is an example of Developmental Disorder?

Question

Accepted Answer

Option 3, Intellectual disability, is the correct answer as an example of a developmental disorder. Developmental disorders are a group of psychiatric conditions originating in childhood that involve serious impairment in different areas. Intellectual disability is characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social and practical skills. This condition originates before the age of 18, which aligns with the definition of developmental disorders as they typically manifest during the developmental period.

Now, let's examine why the other options are incorrect:

1. **Blindness**: Blindness is primarily a sensory impairment rather than a developmental disorder. It refers to the condition of lacking visual perception due to physiological or neurological factors. While blindness can occur congenitally or develop over time, it is not classified under developmental disorders, which are more focused on cognitive and behavioral development.

2. **Hearing impairment**: Similar to blindness, hearing impairment is a sensory condition that affects the ability to hear. It can be present at birth or develop later in life, but it is not categorized as a developmental disorder. Developmental disorders typically involve cognitive, emotional, or behavioral development, which is not the primary focus of hearing impairment.

3. **Leprosy**: Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. It primarily affects the skin, nerves, and mucous membranes. Leprosy is not a developmental disorder as it is not related to the developmental process of the brain or behavior. It is a medical condition that can occur at any age and is not linked to developmental stages.

In conclusion, Intellectual disability is the correct example of a developmental disorder because it directly affects cognitive and adaptive functioning from an early age, fitting the criteria for developmental disorders. The other options, while significant medical conditions, do not align with the characteristics of developmental disorders.