Which of the following statement is not true regarding the characteristic of matter?

Question

Accepted Answer

Option 4 is the correct answer because it states that the kinetic energy of the particles in all matters remains the same at a particular temperature, which is not true. The kinetic energy of particles is directly related to temperature, but it can vary between different substances at the same temperature due to differences in mass and molecular structure. For example, lighter particles, such as those in gases, tend to have higher velocities and therefore higher kinetic energy compared to heavier particles in solids or liquids at the same temperature.

Now, let's explain why each of the other options is incorrect:

1. **Option 1: Kinetic energy of the particles increases with a rise in temperature.**
   - This statement is true. As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of particles also increases because temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Therefore, this option is not the correct answer.

2. **Option 2: Particles of matter diffuse into each other on their own.**
   - This statement is true. Diffusion is the process by which particles spread out and mix with each other due to their random motion. This occurs naturally without any external force, so this option is not the correct answer.

3. **Option 3: Particles of a matter are randomly moving in all the directions.**
   - This statement is true. Particles in matter are in constant random motion, moving in all directions. This is a fundamental characteristic of particles in all states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas). Therefore, this option is not the correct answer.

In conclusion, Option 4 is the correct answer because it inaccurately states that the kinetic energy of particles in all matters remains the same at a particular temperature, which contradicts the fact that kinetic energy can vary between different substances even at the same temperature.