Which Resolution of United Nation's Security Council the framework for elimination of Syrian Chemical Weapons was decided?

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 1:

**Detailed explanation of why it is correct — include conceptual, or contextual depth:**

The correct resolution is 2118, adopted unanimously by the UN Security Council on September 27, 2013. This resolution provided the crucial international framework for the elimination of Syria’s chemical weapons program. The necessity for this action arose sharply following the Ghouta chemical attack near Damascus in August 2013, which drew severe international condemnation and nearly triggered military intervention. Following a diplomatic agreement brokered primarily between the United States and Russia, Resolution 2118 legally enshrined the process under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, making compliance mandatory. It endorsed the accelerated procedures developed by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) and established a strict timetable for the verification, removal, and destruction of Syria's declared chemical weapons and production facilities. This resolution stands as a landmark moment in disarmament diplomacy, demonstrating the Security Council's ability to act decisively on an issue of mass destruction, and initiating one of the most complex disarmament missions in history under the joint mandate of the OPCW and the UN.

**Detailed explanation of why it is incorrect — include conceptual, or contextual depth:**

The incorrect option is 2 (Resolution 2124): Resolution 2124 was adopted by the Security Council in December 2013, but it was concerned with the situation in Somalia and extended the mandate of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM). It focused on political stability, security operations, and counter-terrorism efforts in the Horn of Africa, having no relation to the framework for the elimination of chemical weapons in Syria. Its focus area and subject matter are entirely separate from the disarmament process mandated by Resolution 2118.

The incorrect option is 3 (Resolution 2128): Resolution 2128 was adopted by the Security Council in December 2013 and pertains to the situation in Liberia. Specifically, it concerned the extension and modification of the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL). This resolution dealt with peacekeeping operations and stabilizing post-conflict recovery in West Africa. It did not address chemical weapons, disarmament, or the situation in the Middle East, making it unrelated to the Syrian chemical weapons framework.

The incorrect option is 4 (Resolution 2132): Resolution 2132 was adopted by the Security Council in December 2013, focusing on the Central African Republic. This resolution authorized the immediate deployment of a multinational force to the Central African Republic to protect civilians, restore public order, and address the humanitarian crisis there. Like the other incorrect options, its geographical and thematic scope—humanitarian intervention and peacekeeping in Africa—is distinctly different from the chemical weapons mandate set forth for Syria by Resolution 2118.