Who belongs to school of behaviourism?

Question

Accepted Answer

The correct option is 3:

J.B. Watson is widely regarded as the founder and a central figure of behaviorism, a school of thought that revolutionized psychology in the early 20th century. Watson argued that psychology should be the scientific study of observable behavior, rejecting the previous focus on internal mental states. He believed that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment, primarily through processes of conditioning. His famous "Little Albert" experiment demonstrated that emotional responses could be classically conditioned in humans, providing compelling empirical evidence for his behaviorist theories. Watson's work shifted the focus of psychology from the mind to observable and measurable actions, profoundly influencing research on learning and human development.

The incorrect option is 1:

Wilhelm Wundt is considered the "father of psychology" and is known for establishing the first psychology laboratory. His focus, however, was on structuralism, which aimed to understand the basic elements of consciousness through introspection, rather than observable behavior.

The incorrect option is 2:

Herbert Spencer was a prominent figure in the 19th century, known for his work in philosophy, biology, sociology, and political theory. While he contributed to evolutionary thought, he is not associated with the founding or development of behaviorism in psychology.

The incorrect option is 4:

Given that J.B. Watson is indeed a key figure in the school of behaviorism, the option "None of the above" is incorrect.