The Assessment done during or before instruction is known as:

Question

Accepted Answer

Option 2, Formative Assessment, is the correct answer for the question, "The Assessment done during or before instruction is known as." Here's why:

1. **Explanation for Option 2 (Formative Assessment):**
   Formative Assessment refers to a variety of methods that teachers use to conduct evaluations of student comprehension, learning needs, and academic progress during a lesson, unit, or course. This type of assessment is typically informal and is used to provide immediate feedback to both students and instructors. The primary goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. It is conducted during the instructional process, making it an integral part of teaching and learning.

2. **Why Option 1 (Summative Assessment) is incorrect:**
   Summative Assessment is conducted after instruction has been completed. It is used to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Examples include final exams, end-of-term projects, and standardized tests. Since summative assessments occur after instruction, they do not fit the description of assessments done during or before instruction.

3. **Why Option 3 (Formal Assessment) is incorrect:**
   Formal Assessment refers to systematic, pre-planned tests that measure how well a student has learned the material. These assessments are typically standardized and scored in a consistent manner. While formal assessments can be part of both formative and summative assessments, the term itself does not specifically refer to assessments conducted during or before instruction.

4. **Why Option 4 (Diagnostic Assessment) is incorrect:**
   Diagnostic Assessment is used to diagnose students' existing knowledge base and skills before instruction begins. While it is conducted before instruction, it is not typically used during instruction. Its primary purpose is to identify students' strengths and weaknesses to inform future teaching strategies. Therefore, it does not fully encompass the ongoing nature of assessments conducted during instruction, which is a key characteristic of formative assessments.

In conclusion, Option 2, Formative Assessment, is the correct choice as it accurately describes assessments conducted during or before instruction, aimed at providing feedback and guiding the teaching and learning process.