Which of the following is indirect method of measurement of motives ?

Question

Accepted Answer

Here's the explanation:

**Why Option 1 (Sentence completion technique) is the correct answer:**

Sentence completion techniques are considered indirect methods of measuring motives because they don't directly ask individuals about their motivations. Instead, they present incomplete sentences that participants must finish. The responses are then analyzed to infer underlying motives, needs, and attitudes. This indirect approach helps bypass conscious biases or social desirability concerns that might influence responses in direct questioning. The individual is projecting their thoughts and feelings onto the sentence completion, revealing motives that they might not consciously acknowledge or be willing to express directly.

**Why the other options are incorrect:**

*   **Option 2 (Questionnaire):** Questionnaires typically involve direct questions about attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and motivations. While questionnaires can be useful, they are a *direct* method of assessment, as they explicitly ask individuals to report on their internal states. This makes them susceptible to response biases.

*   **Option 3 (Checklist):** Checklists, similar to questionnaires, present a list of items (e.g., traits, symptoms, activities) that individuals mark as present or applicable to them. This is a *direct* method because the individual is consciously evaluating and reporting on the presence or absence of specific characteristics.

*   **Option 4 (Interview):** Interviews, even when unstructured, generally involve direct questioning. While skilled interviewers can probe for deeper insights, the core method relies on asking questions and receiving direct responses. This makes it a *direct* method of assessing motives, as the individual is consciously providing information.