The 'Bergschrund Theory' of cirque formation was given by:

Question

Accepted Answer

The 'Bergschrund Theory' of cirque formation is attributed to **Johnson (Option 3)**. While the exact origin and development of the theory are complex and involve contributions from multiple geologists, Johnson is most closely associated with its formal articulation and promotion.

Here's why Option 3 is correct and why the others are incorrect:

*   **Option 3: Johnson (Correct):** Douglas Johnson, an American geomorphologist, is widely recognized for his work on cirque formation and the role of the bergschrund in this process. He elaborated on the idea that the bergschrund, a large crevasse that forms at the head of a glacier, plays a crucial role in freeze-thaw weathering and erosion of the headwall, contributing to the development of the cirque. His detailed descriptions and explanations solidified the Bergschrund Theory's prominence.

*   **Option 1: Garwood (Incorrect):** While Garwood may have contributed to glaciological studies, he is not primarily known for his specific work on the Bergschrund Theory of cirque formation. His research focus lies elsewhere within the broader field of geology.

*   **Option 2: Hobbs (Incorrect):** William Herbert Hobbs was a prominent geologist and glaciologist, but his contributions are more associated with glacial geology in general and theories related to ice sheet dynamics and glacial landforms other than the specific Bergschrund Theory of cirque formation.

*   **Option 4: Strahler (Incorrect):** Arthur Strahler was a highly influential geographer and geomorphologist, known for his quantitative approach to landform analysis and his work on fluvial geomorphology. While he certainly discussed glacial processes in his textbooks, he is not the primary figure associated with the development or promotion of the Bergschrund Theory.