Which of the following statement is incorrect about state of matter?

Question

Accepted Answer

Option 4 is the correct answer because it contains an incorrect statement about the formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate. A Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is not formed by heating a gas of extremely low density; rather, it is formed by cooling a gas of bosons to temperatures very close to absolute zero. At such low temperatures, a significant fraction of the bosons occupy the lowest quantum state, resulting in quantum effects becoming apparent on a macroscopic scale. This process involves cooling, not heating, which makes Option 4 incorrect.

Now, let's explain why each of the other options is correct:

1. **Option 1**: "The force of attraction between gas molecules is very less."  
   This statement is correct. In gases, the molecules are far apart compared to solids and liquids, and the intermolecular forces are very weak. This allows gas molecules to move freely and occupy the entire volume of their container.

2. **Option 2**: "Plasma consists of super energetic and super excited particles."  
   This statement is correct. Plasma is a state of matter where the gas phase is energized until atomic electrons are no longer associated with any particular atomic nucleus. This results in a collection of ions and free electrons, making the particles in plasma highly energetic and excited.

3. **Option 3**: "The plasma glows with a special colour depending on the nature of the gas."  
   This statement is correct. The glow of plasma is due to the excitation of electrons and their subsequent return to lower energy levels, emitting light in the process. The color of the glow depends on the type of gas and the specific energy transitions of its atoms or molecules.

In summary, Option 4 is the correct answer because it inaccurately describes the process of forming a Bose-Einstein condensate, which involves cooling rather than heating. The other options accurately describe characteristics of gases and plasma.